Seafood safety

Seafood in Australia is very safe to eat and attributable to very few foodborne illness outbreaks due to strict regulations and testing. For most people seafood is safe if it is handled and stored correctly. However if you are pregnant or have a young family, it’s best to consume fish that contains low levels of mercury as fish with high levels of mercury can harm the brain development of babies and young children.

See here for more information about mercury in fish. Also here if you suffer from seafood or other allergies.

Seafood is a favourite food for many people, especially during the warmer months. However to avoid food poisoning, seafood needs special care from the time it is bought to the time it is consumed.

Follow these tips to make sure your seafood is safe to eat:

• Only buy seafood from reputable retailers. Seafood from unknown suppliers may not have been handled properly and could cause food poisoning
• Take a cooler bag or Esky to the store or fish markets. Ask the fishmonger if they could pack ice with the seafood (they are not obliged to supply ice)
• Purchase seafood with a fresh sea smell
• For whole fish, the gills should be bright pink-red and firm and the flesh should be bright, not dull
• For sushi, raw fish must be sashimi-grade, very fresh and of the highest quality
• For whole prawns, the heads should be firmly attached and the shell tight and shiny
• Opened oysters should look wet and smell of fresh sea
• For unopened oysters and mussels, shells must be closed or close when tapped
• Purchase seafood last

• Put seafood into the fridge or freezer as soon as you get home, don’t leave it in the car or on the kitchen bench
• Store prawns in an airtight container, or covered tightly with plastic wrap, away from other food in the coldest part of fridge and leave in the shell for as long as possible
• Opened oysters should be stored in the fridge below 5C

• Wash and dry hands thoroughly before and after handling raw fish and keep kitchen utensils and benches clean and dry
• Eat prawns within 3 days of purchase or freeze them for up to 3 months
• Eat opened oysters within 24 hours of purchase
• Don’t eat oysters that are dry or, sunken into the shell
• Don't eat overly ‘fishy’ or off-smelling seafood
• Don’t eat raw fish, opened oysters opened mussels, prawns or other seafood if they’ve been out of the fridge for more than 2 hours

Some people with lower or compromised immunity can be more vulnerable to food poisoning. These include people with severely suppressed immune systems and pregnant women. They need to take particular care with some types of seafood:

• Avoid eating raw seafood such as sashimi, store-bought sushi and oysters (canned oysters are safe), ready-to-eat chilled peeled prawns and smoked salmon
• Handle raw shellfish carefully before cooking
• Cook all seafood thoroughly
• Don’t eat shellfish that do not open during cooking
• Don’t cross-contaminate cooked seafood and other foods with raw seafood and their juices.

• Only purchase pipis, oysters and mussels from reputable commercial retailers, never collect and consume recreationally caught shellfish. NSW commercial producers have safety and quality systems to protect consumers from poor quality seafood.
• Only catch or collect seafood when water quality is good. Remember that water quality changes and not all harmful things can be seen with the naked eye. Check current waterway status for:
  • known algal ‘red alerts’ via signs, local media and the WaterNSW website or telephone 1800 999 457
  • fishing closures issued on the Department of Primary Industries website or telephone 1300 550 474
• Keep recreational seafood cold and covered by putting in ice or in fridge straight away
• Keep fishing equipment clean using uncontaminated water
• Don’t let seafood or bait drip onto other food
• Always thoroughly cook recreational seafood, never eat it raw.

To keep all perishable food safe follow the key food safety tips:

• Keep it cold
• Keep it clean
• Keep it hot
• ...and check the label